Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Epoxy Composites Reinforced with Date Palm Fibers

Abstract

Utilization of agricultural waste fibers as reinforcement in polymer composites is gaining global traction. This study explores epoxy composites reinforced with date palm fibers (DPFs), an abundant resource in Iran. Fibers were treated with NaOH solution and incorporated into epoxy at 5%, 10%, and 15% weight fractions. Tensile and flexural testing revealed that 10% fiber loading yielded the highest performance, with tensile strength increased by 23% compared to neat epoxy. Impact strength also improved significantly due to fiber pull-out mechanisms absorbing fracture energy. Tribological testing using a pin-on-disc apparatus showed reduced wear rates and enhanced friction stability with increasing fiber content. Thermogravimetric analysis confirmed higher thermal stability, while SEM analysis indicated strong interfacial adhesion in alkali-treated fibers. The study demonstrates that DPF-reinforced composites are mechanically robust, thermally stable, and tribologically efficient, making them suitable for cost-effective structural applications.